Sócrates e a providente divindade

Abstract

The notion of divine providence according to Socrates is explored within the theological framework of his thought, as defended by McPherran. In accordance with this perspective, some texts by Xenophon are studied. In them Socrates appears to formulate, for the first time in the history of philosophy, the argument of design. In human beings, a peculiar manifestation of divine providence can be seen, which privileges the most specific trait of human beings: intelligence. Divinity also reveals itself to be intelligent in its providence, supporting the life and development of living beings that stand out for their intelligence and are called to act in accordance with it. These assessments of Xenophon's Socrates can be confirmed by some pages of Plato's dialogues and by their relationship with some presocratic doctrines.